Citations & References

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Peacearth · CC BY-SA 4.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Harvard University

Nick Allen · CC BY-SA 4.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

University of Oxford

Photograph by Mike Peel (www.mikepeel.net). · CC BY-SA 4.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

University of Cambridge

Dcrjsr · CC BY 3.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Yale University

Francisco Anzola · CC BY 2.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Stanford University

Waqas Mustafeez from USA · CC BY 2.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Princeton University

Daderot · CC0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Cornell University

Alex Sergeev · CC BY-SA 3.0

Resized and cropped for display. The photograph retains its stated licence.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Matthew Carter and others, owned by Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Harvard University

Harvard University

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

University of Oxford

University of Oxford arms; contributors documented on the source page.

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

University of Cambridge

Original artist unknown; vector by Massive hair, with later revisions documented on the source page.

CC BY-SA 3.0 · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Yale University

Yale University

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Stanford University

Arthur Bridgeman Clark

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Princeton University

Original author unknown. The shield was described in an 1896 minutes of the meeting

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Cornell University

Cornell University. The original uploader was Connormah at English Wikipedia.. Later version(s) were uploaded by Corkythehornetfan, Ɱ, RaphaelQS at English Wikipedia.

Public domain · Displayed at a smaller size without changing the artwork.

Columbia University

Hstoops

CC0 · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

King’s College London

King's College London

Public domain · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

Northwestern University

Northwestern University

Public domain · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

University of California, Berkeley

University of California, Berkeley; This SVG file: User:RaphaelQS

Public domain · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

Imperial College London

Shadowssettle; incorporates credited work by Eusebius, Jimmy44, Bluebear2 and Sodacan

CC BY 3.0 · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

University of Manchester

Shadowssettle; later source revisions by ET72 and Urselius

CC BY-SA 4.0 · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

University of Pennsylvania

Unknown authorUnknown author

Public domain · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

University of California, Los Angeles

UCLA

Public domain · Resized for display; artwork unchanged.

California Institute of Technology

The original uploader was Meganfoxx at English Wikipedia.

Public domain · Alternative institutional mark; resized for display without changing artwork.

Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University

Public domain · Alternative institutional mark; resized for display without changing artwork.

University of Edinburgh

Hogweard

Public domain · Alternative institutional mark; resized for display without changing artwork.

University of Chicago

Pierre de Chaignon la Rose

Public domain · Original coat of arms; scaled for display without changing artwork.

“For the things we have to learn before we can do them, we learn by doing them.”

Aristotle · Nicomachean Ethics, II.1

Excerpt from Book II, chapter 1, translated by W. D. Ross. Read the surrounding passage.

“Each one ought to study what he desires to accomplish.”

Charlemagne · Letter to Baugulf of Fulda, c. 780–800

Excerpt from De litteris colendis, translated by D. C. Munro (1900). Read the letter and its historical context.

“Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous.”

Confucius · Analects, 2.15

James Legge translation, Analects 2.15. Read the passage in the ETH Zürich collection.

“Philosophy begins in wonder.”

Plato · Theaetetus, 155d

Socrates speaking in Plato’s Theaetetus, translated by Benjamin Jowett. A short excerpt; read the surrounding dialogue.

“The mind does not require filling like a bottle, but rather, like wood, it only requires kindling.”

Plutarch · On Listening to Lectures, 18

Excerpt from Moralia 48C, translated by Frank Cole Babbitt (1927). The passage continues with thinking independently and seeking truth.

“As long as you live, keep learning how to live.”

Seneca · Moral Letters, 76.3

Seneca quotes this proverb in Letter 76.3; translated by Richard Mott Gummere. Read the letter and its context.

“Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider.”

Francis Bacon · Of Studies

From Of Studies in the 1625 Essays, reproduced in the 1884 edition. Read the essay in its original context.

“It is impossible for a man to begin learning what he thinks he knows.”

Epictetus · Discourses, II.17

Excerpt from Discourses II.17, translated by P. E. Matheson (1916). Read the discussion of approaching learning without conceit.